Final month, the Ministry of Setting, Forest and Local weather Change gave environmental clearance for the bold Rs 72,000 crore growth venture on the strategically necessary Nice Nicobar Island. The venture is to be carried out in three phases over the subsequent 30 years.
The proposal
A “greenfield metropolis” has been proposed, together with an Worldwide Container Transhipment Terminal (ICTT), a greenfield worldwide airport, an influence plant, and a township for the personnel who will implement the venture.
“The proposed port will permit Nice Nicobar to take part within the regional and world maritime economic system by changing into a significant participant in cargo transshipment,’’ the Niti Aayog has mentioned in a report.
The port might be managed by the Indian Navy, whereas the airport can have twin military-civilian features and can cater to tourism as properly. Roads, public transport, water provide and waste administration amenities, and several other motels have been deliberate to cater to vacationers.
A complete 166.1 sq km alongside the southeastern and southern coasts of the island have been recognized for venture alongside a coastal strip of width between 2 km and 4 km. Some 130 sq km of forests have been sanctioned for diversion, and 9.64 lakh timber are prone to be felled.
Nice Nicobar is India’s southernmost level
Growth actions are proposed to begin within the present monetary yr, and the port is predicted to be commissioned by 2027–28. Greater than 1 lakh new direct jobs and 1.5 lakh oblique jobs are prone to be created on the island over the interval of growth.
The Island
Nice Nicobar, the southernmost of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, has an space of 910 sq km. The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a cluster of about 836 islands within the jap Bay of Bengal, the 2 teams of that are separated by the 150-km broad Ten Diploma Channel. The Andaman Islands deceive the north of the channel, and the Nicobar Islands to the south.
Indira Level on the southern tip of Nice Nicobar Island is India’s southernmost level, lower than 150 km from the northernmost island of the Indonesian archipelago. Nice Nicobar is house to 2 nationwide parks, a biosphere reserve, and the Shompen and Nicobarese tribal peoples, together with ex-servicemen from Punjab, Maharashtra, and Andhra Pradesh who had been settled on the island within the Seventies.
The Shompen are hunter-gatherers who rely on forest and marine assets for sustenance. The Nicobarese, who lived alongside the west coast of the island had been principally relocated after the 2004 tsunami. An estimated 237 Shompen and 1,094 Nicobarese people now dwell in a 751 sq km tribal reserve, some 84 sq km of which is proposed to be denotified. The roughly 8,000 settlers who dwell on the island are engaged in agriculture, horticulture, and fishing.
The Nice Nicobar Island has tropical moist evergreen forests, mountain ranges reaching virtually 650 m above sea stage, and coastal plains. Fourteen species of mammals, 71 species of birds, 26 species of reptiles, 10 species of amphibians, and 113 species of fish are discovered on the island, a few of that are endangered. The leatherback sea turtle is the island’s flagship species.
The aim
The island has numerous tourism potential, however the authorities’s higher purpose is to leverage the locational benefit of the island for financial and strategic causes.
Nice Nicobar is equidistant from Colombo to the southwest and Port Klang and Singapore to the southeast, and positioned near the East-West worldwide transport hall, via which a really giant a part of the world’s transport commerce passes. The proposed ICTT can probably develop into a hub for cargo ships travelling on this route.
The proposal to develop Nice Nicobar was first floated within the Seventies, and its significance for nationwide safety and consolidation of the Indian Ocean Area has been repeatedly underlined. Growing Chinese language assertion within the Bay of Bengal and the Indo-Pacific has added nice urgency to this crucial lately.
The considerations
The proposed large infrastructure growth in an ecologically necessary and fragile area, together with the felling of just about one million timber, has alarmed many environmentalists. The lack of tree cowl is not going to solely have an effect on the wildlife on the island, it can additionally result in elevated runoff and sediment deposits within the ocean, impacting the coral reefs within the space, they’ve cautioned.
Coral reefs, already underneath risk from warming oceans, are of huge ecological significance. Environmentalists have additionally flagged the lack of mangroves on the island on account of the event venture.
India has efficiently translocated a coral reef from the Gulf of Mannar to the Gulf of Kutch earlier. The Zoological Survey of India is at present within the strategy of assessing how a lot of the reef must be relocated for the venture. The federal government has mentioned {that a} conservation plan for the leatherback turtle can also be being put in place.
Based on the federal government, expediting the venture is of paramount nationwide safety and strategic significance. Officers mentioned that after the grant of stage I clearance on October 27, all points might be fastidiously weighed earlier than last approval is granted.
The venture web site is exterior the eco-sensitive zones of Campbell Bay and Galathea Nationwide Park. The Centre has mentioned that the event space is barely a small share of the world of the island and its forest cowl, and that 15 per cent of the event space itself might be inexperienced cowl and open areas.
